Virtue, piety, and the law: a study of Birgivī Meḥmed Efendī's al-Ṭarīqa al-Muḥammadīyya
The intellectual framework -- The fundamentals of piety : an overview of the structure and contents of al-Ṭarīqah al-Muḥammadīyah -- The slippery slope of piety : Birgivī on sincerity, sanctimony, and how to determine right intention -- The economics of piety : Birgivī on wastefulness, the cash waqf...